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Relativistic Dialectics            Relativistic Dialectics
Georges Metanomski
(D) Freedom

In one of the letters written to the Infeld group in Warsaw Einstein wrote:
"A new manner of thinking is essential if humankind is to survive."

  
     D_Freedom. 
FREEDOM, the first dogmatic slogan written on the flags of
all `Republics' is as such, in absolute, a meaningless, empty
noise. (See "Meaningless Generalities"). The question if I am, 
or may be free may have sense only with respect to a referential,
to a context. This context, as any system is more or less 
strongly ordered with the fundamental Orderer Causality. 
(See "Order", "C_Causality"). Pertinent to our question may only 
be the future oriented Final Causality or Teleology. Indeed, I'm 
certainly not free to act in any way on past events; once I have 
kicked a dog, there is no way I may unkick it.

Thus, the meaningful domain of Freedom is that of Teleology.
Let's try to elucidate the gist of Teleology. One might, 
indeed, object that relating the Final Cause to a future, 
thus unknown purpose does not make sense. 

Still, Teleological Models and procedures account for ALL our 
acts, from most important, like deciding a world war to most 
trivial like getting out of bed in the morning. Even science 
while usually (not always) investigating Effective Causality, 
reposes itself entirely in Teleology, whether conceiving its 
Axioms (see "Dogma and Axiom") and Theorems, or planning its 
experiments.

The following oversimplified description may give a first idea 
of Teleology:

Let P,Q Effective Cause and Effect (i.e. both past) separated
by period DT.
Now, let's clone P to P1 recent enough for DT to point into 
future. 
Then we may clone Q to Q1 and consider this not-yet-existing Q1 
as purpose of the Final Cause P1. The relation P1-Q1, clone of P-Q
will conserve the (degree of) Certainty of the latter. However,
while the Certainty of P-Q expresses our knowledge, that of P1-Q1
expresses our belief that this knowledge will continue to be just
as certain in future. Thus, KNOWING that gravity has been the 
cause of innumerables past events we BELIEVE that it will stay 
unchanged in the future and we send into the space a sonde 
predicting that it will reach some far away planet in 10 years.

Eventual confirmation or contradiction of predictions validates
or falsifies the Model upon which they had been based. 
NOTE: Validation does not prove the Model, while contradiction
of a single well constructed prediction falsifies and refutes it.

After these preliminaries let's move to the problem of Freedom.
As we have seen in previous chapters, Freedom is the reverse
aspect of Order: highly ordered systems have few degrees of Freedom, 
chaotic ones have high, at the limit innumerable amount of them. 
For a human being, the Freedom degrees of his referential represent 
options of his choice. Thus, on the face of it, I am less free with 
respect to a a highly ordered system than to one of lower Order, 
my Freedom becoming illimited for a chaotic system.

However, under closer examination the problem appears more complex.
Let's consider the highway code. It's a highly ordered system. 
It forbids me to drive on the left, to cross continuous line and 
red lights, etc. In return it leaves one Freedom degree open: the 
possibility to drive. Similarly, all social systems are ordered by 
some code which blocks most of concerned rights leaving open only 
very few. Thus, any social system may be considered in a large sense 
as a kind of prison.

Perhaps a social system guaranteeing all rights, without restricting 
anything would allow us to escape from all prisons and to be entirely 
free? Well, let's imagine the system "Road" without highway code, an
entirely chaotic system with unrestricted Freedom.

After having evaded some trucks driving on the left and one or two 
cars cutting in through red lights one will stop at the road side 
surprised to be still alive. Driving became impossible. Newly opened 
rights act as obstacles blocking the essential Freedom to drive. And 
if you cannot drive, what is the use of the newly acquired Freedom to 
drive on the left? Paradoxically, a chaotic system by opening too much
Freedom kills it entirely. Chaos, the absolute Freedom results in no
Freedom at all. A totally free system becomes the strictest prison.

In this light Order appears as "Freedom-to" granted by "Freedom-from".
Order emerges from chaos by closing most of hindering Freedom degrees 
and leaving open only a few ones. In case they coincide with my desires
I consider the system as a good "prison", otherwise as a bad one. 
In a good prison I am FREE FROM hindrances and FREE TO perform desired 
actions efficiently. Ordered road grants me FREEDOM TO drive efficiently 
by granting the FREEDOM FROM stress and danger. Order stimulates 
efficiency and chaos paralyzes it. One can accomplish something only 
with respect to an ordered system.

Illusory absolute Freedom of chaos and restricted, but real Freedom of 
order are beautifully contrasted in Faulkner's novellas "The Wild Palms" 
and "Old Man". In "The Wild Palms" Harry motivated by love refuses all 
rules and conventions, goes down all steps of the social ladder and
finishes by killing Charlotte, the very object of his love for whose 
sake he had claimed this absolute Freedom. In "Old Man" the Tall Convict 
executes orders of prison guard and battles the great Mississippi flood 
to save a pregnant woman. Free to stay out he returns spontaneously to 
prison to find again the specific Freedom of his destiny.
The only Freedom we have is Freedom to choose a prison like the 
Tall Convict did.

A Teleological Model, whether explicit or implicit may be seen as a
project encompassing some potential options each of which may be chosen 
and converted into active Final Cause by virtue of human faculty of 
volition. Faced with these options I am free to chose some or none.
However, refusal to chose is a particular choice, a decision committing
the future, so I am bound to exert my Freedom.

We are not only free, we are sentenced to Freedom. 

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